Transgender Prisoners And Transgender Inmates Essay

I. Introduction Prisoners that are incarcerated go through many hardships during the course of their sentence. The mistreatment that inmates in prison encounter is unjustifiable in many cases. Amongst the inmates mistreated, transgender prisoners are challenged in many ways with abuse, misconduct, and discrimination. Transgender individuals are people who do not identify themselves with the gender that was assigned at birth. The high-risk profile of being a transgender inmate in prison strikes for deep concern and something needs to be done. II. Purpose of paper Prison personnel have not been doing much to secure the safety and well-being of transgender inmates. Some even engage in the unruly behavior and are the dominant aspects to the problems that transgender inmates sustain. Many transgender inmates have attempted to seek justice, but their cases were thrown out. Consequently, it is imperative that people know the conditions and obstacles, in which transgender prisoners encounter while incarcerated. The problems and concerns need to be addressed in order to raise awareness, to help provide safety and security for transgender prisoners because they are humans too. This paper will raise awareness and provide insight on the challenges that transgender prisoners experience, ways to improve conditions, and what policies are already put into place. III. Background The ultimate reoccurring issue that revolves around transgender prisoners is that they are inappropriatelyShow MoreRelatedMultiple Elements Of Incarceration Within Australia s Criminal Justice System907 Words   |  4 Pagesallotment of text is allocated to discuss transgender inmates and their sexual identification once in prison. The author Cyndi Banks, acknowledges that prisons may adopt either genitalia- based placements or a identity based placements and notes that if genital reconstructive surgery has not been undergone, the inmate will be identified as their birth sexual orientation. Further, the text discusses the detrimental effects these systems have on transgender prisoners and states that research data indicatesRead MoreTransgender Prisoners At Queensland Correctional Facilities1560 Words   |  7 PagesTransgender prisoners in Queensland Correctional Facilities Introduction: Defined as a person whose biological gender does not conform to their self-identity, transgender people are a class of society that have been subject to severe vulnerability and discrimination over the years. Discrimination and vulnerability is especially apparent when a transgender individual has been incarcerated in a facility or institution. This evaluative essay will firstly highlight and investigate the legalities throughRead MoreVictimization Of Transgender Patenders1671 Words   |  7 Pagesthe justice systems of both countries play their role in the victimization of transgender inmates. Vicky Thompson was a transgender woman, who was sentenced to 12 months in an all male facility in Leeds, England. Within the third month of her sentence, Thompson committed suicide after her lawyer was unable to get the justice system to recognize Thompson as a woman (Kale, 2015). Furthermore, in the United Kingdom, transgender people are required to apply for a gender recognition certificate in orderRead More Treatment of Transgender Prisoners Essay2733 Words   |  11 Pages Transgender people in today’s society have it hard enough; going to prison is even harder due to the risks associated to someone who is transgendered. People who are transgendered risk their health and well-being while being locked up in prison. They face a variety of issues while they are incarcerated such as housing, physical, emotional abuse and most of all denial to their basic medical needs that helps express who they are through their gender. Transgender people are discriminatedRead MoreThe Prison System Is Set Up To House Inmates Based On Their1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe prison system is set up to house inmates based on their gender; male or female. But, society has evolved and the standard binary system does not apply to most people today, so where does this leave the transgender inmates? Trans inmates, regardless of whether they have been taking hormones before their sentence or not, are housed in the facility that matches their biological gender rather than their identified gender. Transgender inmates, especially trans women, face many obstacles includingRead MoreSlavery As A Punishment For Crime2185 Words   |  9 Pagesprofitable industries to the United States. The blatant exploitation of prisoners by the U.S. government must be put to an end. The U.S. government currently has about 2 million people incarcerated in the nations’ prison system. There are about 1.7 million more people legally enslaved in the prison system today than there were before slavery was supposedly abolished. The U.S. has only 5% of the world population, but 25% of the world’s prisoners (Palaez). According to California Prison Focus, this country hasRead MoreThe Treatment Of A Prison Sentence1921 Words   |  8 Pagestremendous. The prison system is set up to house inmates based on their gender; male or female. But, society has evolved and the standard binary system does not apply to most people today, so where does this leave the transgender inmates? Trans inmates, regardless of whether they have been taking hormones before their sentence or not, are housed in the facility that matches their biological gender rather than their identified gender. Transgender inmates, especially trans women, face many obstacles,Read MoreThe Unfair Experi ences of Transgender Inmates1900 Words   |  8 PagesIn 1994, the US Supreme Court addressed prison rape for the first time when they ruled that Dee Farmer, a transgender female inmate, was a victim of cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment. Though prison officials knew Dee Farmer was a trans woman, they housed her in a male facility, where she was repeatedly beaten and raped, and subsequently contracted HIV. Farmer argued that prison officials knew that she was vulnerable and at risk for assault but failed to do anything to addressRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Orange Is The New Black880 Words   |  4 PagesI was nervous before reading Orange is the New Black because I have never read a book where the setting is prison showcasing the bleak life of an inmate. The reason I decided to read this book is because I have never watched the TV-series that everyone is obsessed with, and I wanted to learn the true story behind the famous show before I decided to watch or not watch the series. The show based on a book is written by an actual convict, about her actual time in prison. Piper Kerman is a drug smugglerRead MoreCommunity Engagement Papers1947 Words   |  8 Pages In this report, I will talk about my community engagement that pertain to LGBT books for prisoners. the main goal here was to get books sent to the LGBT prisoners in the United States. The target of people they send to are queer and transgender. This program has been able to run because of the volunteers and the outside donations that they receive from the public through their advertisement on Facebook, word of mouth and throughout the community engagement with college students and through the

Plagiarism School College Of Health Science - 840 Words

Running head: PLAGIARISM 1 PLAGIARISM 2 Plagiarism Robert Blakley Baptist College of Health Science Abstract The paper analyzes the existing ethical academic dilemma of applying plagiarism within diverse academic works by students in general and nursing students in particular. It presents particular examples of well-known plagiarism cases and allows properly evaluating the reasons and ways of avoiding any acts of intentional and unintentional plagiarism. It emphasizes the necessity to avoid plagiarism in order to avoid diverse legal and reputation complication as well as expulsion of students. Keywords: plagiarism, academic work, and intellectual property Plagiarism Plagiarism have become a very†¦show more content†¦It is possible to meet plagiarism in two possible variants: individuals either present somebody else?s work as their own or become victims of plagiarism themselves. Nonetheless, the most common type of plagiarism is in the first place associated with assigning someone else s ideas. Well-known plagiarism case Though the majority of plagiarism cases remain unknown, certain cases have deserved a very strong opposition from the side of the society. Likewise, many recognized scholars have declared numerous ?charges of plagiarism among? faculty colleagues? in the nursing field (Fitzpatrick, 2004, p. 57). Apparently, nursing is not the only field that has suffered the consequences of plagiarism and some cases of plagiarism have even caught the attention of the President of the United States. The latter is particularly accurate for the works presented in public similar to the situation when ?Manny V. Pangilinan was shamed by having delivered a commencement speech? (Manila Bulletin, 2010). Pangilinan?s graduating batch speech of Ateneo de Manila University which included diverse parts taken from the speeches of J. Rowling, Conan O?Brien, Oprah Winfrey and even the speech of the President of the United States, Barack Obama, forcing Pangilinan to resign from the position of the university?s

Texting vs. Txting Free Essays

Texting vs. Txting We live in a society where education and experience are some of the most valued characteristics to acquiring a well-paid job in the vast job market. We no longer live in the past where a high school degree was enough to land you a managerial position in a corporate company, and our expectations for education do not stop at an early accomplishment of an Associate’s Degree. We will write a custom essay sample on Texting vs. Txting or any similar topic only for you Order Now We need, and presume for more. Starting out with a minute understanding of the world, we have evolved and grown to comprehend not only the physics of nature, but we are now capable of predicting what will happen next in our daily lives. Over the last centuries we have developed numerous languages and techniques to be able to thoroughly communicate and express our feeling to one another. Language is a method for communication and should not be taken for anything higher. Why can’t we simplify the language to our benefits to promote a more effective, and efficient system of communication? Currently texting is defined as a â€Å"textese,† â€Å"slanguage,† or a â€Å"digital virus† (Crystal 335). Texting is a source of communication, promoting positive impacts on learning, time consumption, and social interactions. Texting consists of numbers, letters, and signs which allow us to condense long and challenging expressions into more efficiently read words on a keyboard. Texting is used to condense elongated words into simpler more easily typed words. The word â€Å"message† can be converted to simpler more efficient term â€Å"msg. † Before you break any rules of the English language, you first need to understand the linguistic rules of the correct language to be able to text appropriately. Texting helps the users to comprehend the language more than ever before as David Crystal states, â€Å"The latest studies ( from a team at Coventry University) have found strong positive links between the use of texting language and the skills underlying success in standard English in pre-teenage children†(Crystal 345). In a sense the â€Å"art† of texting is beneficial not only to conserve time, but to expand on the knowledge of vocabulary and grammatical understanding of the English language. Time has become a very treasured and valuable aspect in our daily lives. We sleep less, walk faster, and work harder in order to complete more tasks and to be able to live our lives to the fullest. Texting is a part of that same scheme of things; shaving lost time spelling full words, and promoting efficiency in our daily lives. Although efficiency is a positive aspect on texting, some would say otherwise such as Lynne Truss states, â€Å"I have a ‘zero tolerance approach’ to grammar mistakes that make people look stupid. The use of texting must contain an appropriate time and place to be used, as this example explains that inappropriate uses of texting would cost you your job. An example of a way that texting promotes efficiency is that of someone that works in an office environment, where employees can do desk work and still be able to speak to their acquaintances without having to take a break and walk outside to speak about their matter. Texting promotes a broader b and of social interactions between family, friends, and co-workers. Texting is a source of communication that does not require your full attention as talking on the phone would. Texting also promotes a larger and wider range of conversations to be discussed with an array of outcomes and results to be conjured upon over time. This creative and complex method for communication allows for a longer and more interesting approach to communication versus speaking to someone face-to-face or on the phone. This strategy of messaging is an ultimately easier and more relaxed approach to communication on the go. Cellphone messaging can lead to more outcomes, as well as more ideas to be explored. Texting is a broad source for learning, efficiency, and social exploration. Although texting has claimed a bad reputation over the years, such as texting and driving, we need to look past the bad and towards the future of texting. Texting is a skill and a privilege containing rules and expectations to be used while texting. Today, we have a new and preferred way to communicate for the young and the old, and the trend continues to grow. Texting is a new system of communication and we should not label it as a disruption, but rather call it a â€Å"language in evolution† (Crystal 345). Works Cited Crystal, David. â€Å"2b or Not 2b? †Ã‚  The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 04 July 2008. Web. 19 Feb, 2013. Truss, Lynne. Eats, Shoots Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation. New York: Gotham, 2004. Print. Wiens, Kyle. â€Å"HBR Blog Network. †Ã‚  Harvard Business Review. Harvard Business Publishing, 20 July 2012. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. How to cite Texting vs. Txting, Papers

Gymnastics Research Paper free essay sample

Emily Pascavis Karl Bakkum English Comp. Gymnastics Long ago, gymnastics was very different from what we know today. Gymnastics comes from the Greek prefix â€Å"gymno- or gymn-† which means, â€Å"to be naked†. The Greeks used gymnastics for entertainment, performing naked. When the Romans conquered Greece, they took over the sport. They used it for its functional uses. The used the wooden horses to practice the quick mounting and dismounting of their actual horses during battle. Which later became the men’s event that we know today as pommel horse. Awhile later, Roman Emperor Theodosius banned the sport. It was not seen or used again until the late eighteenth century. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn is credited with starting gymnastics clubs in the late 1700s. Another physical educator, Johann Friedrich GutsMuths, influenced Jahn. Johann had been studying ancient gymnastics, and was interested in bringing it back and improving it to be compatible with the (then-current) culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Gymnastics Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jahns contributions to gymnastics that we are familiar with today include the balance beam (a women’s only event, parallel bars (now known as the uneven parallel bars a women’s only event) and horizontal/high bar (a men’s only event). In 1881 the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) was formed, later was renamed â€Å"Bureau of the European Gymnastics Federation†. This organization pioneered the international competition. The Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) was formed in United States in 1883. Along with other amateur sports in United States, this organization took over the control of gymnastics in the U. S. and championships started to develop by various clubs and organizations at about the same time during 1880s. The first â€Å"large-scale† competition was the 1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece. Germany had been the dominant team sweeping almost every medal. Only five countries participated in the gymnastics portion. The first international event following the 1896 Olympics was held in 1903 in Antwerp, Belgium. Gymnasts from places such as Belgium, France, Luxembourg and the Netherlands competed. This event is now considered the first World Championships. The first â€Å"mens team† competition was added and held in 1904 Olympics at St. Louis. The1924 Olympics in France marked the beginning of what gymnastics is today. Men started to compete for individual Olympic titles in each event. The first womens gymnastics team debuted during the 1928 Olympics. The first U. S. womens gymnastics team competed in the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, Germany. In 1962 the AAU recognized rhythmic gymnastics within the sport. In 1963 in Budapest and Hungary, the first Rhythmic World Championships took place. It included 28 athletes, from 10 countries. In 1973, the United States joined the sport of rhythmic gymnastics and competed in the Rhythmic World Championships. During the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles, the rhythmic individual all-around competition was held for the first time. At the Centennial Olympics this same year in Atlanta, Georgia the rhythmic gymnastics group event (multiple gymnasts on the floor at once doing a choreographed routine) became a medal-sport for the first time. Finally in 1970, the United States Gymnastics Federation, now formally known as USA Gymnastics or USAG, was organized and became the governing body on this sport in the U. S. The gymnastics world still runs under this system to this day. There are many components of physical fitness that gymnastics improves. Gymnastics improves ones flexibility, muscular strength, cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, and body composition. Gymnasts are some of the strongest people in the athletic world, due to the fact that nearly everything they do is either on their hands or explosive off of their legs. It helps get you physically fit and tones your body (club gymnasts are the more serious gymnasts that practice upwards of 24 hours a week). The one thing that has remained prominent since the beginning of gymnastics is the mental aspect. As a sports psychology consultant, Dr. Alan Goldberg has worked with gymnasts at all levels around the United States from elite all the way down to recreational gymnasts.

Causes, effects and solutions of deforestation Essay Example

Causes, effects and solutions of deforestation Paper Deforestation often takes place as an effect of overpopulation, arbitration, economical reasons and governments corruption. Due to arbitration, the demand for housings will rise, causing more land to be cleared in order for more housing to be built to house the locals. Forests are cleared tort agricultural purposes, such as to grow more crops on a bigger area of land. These crops are sources of food for people. Materials from the trees, such as timber, are used for making furniture and paper products. Forests are also cleared for rearing animals, providing sources of food for the people. The surplus of the ropes, animal meats, and materials from the trees can be exported to other countries to gain economic interests for the country. Mining activities are carried out on patches of land which were cleared from the forests. As the demand for more resources increase, more land would be cleared for the mining of these resources. One Of the effects Of deforestation is global warming Which is an irreversible process. As trees are burnt down to increase usable land, huge amounts Of carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere through combustion. Also, the stored carbon that is soaked up by the trees in their bedtime Will also be released into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. From food to life-saving medicines, forests give mankind a variety of gifts that contribute much to our quality of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes, effects and solutions of deforestation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Causes, effects and solutions of deforestation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Causes, effects and solutions of deforestation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Deforestation will cause the destruction and extinction of many plants and animals. So the best solution to deforestation is to stop the felling of trees , by employing a series of rules and laws to govern it, Deforestation in the current scenario may have reduced however it would be too early to assume. Also clear cutting of forests must be banned.

Money Grocery Store and Students Essay

Money Grocery Store and Students Essay Money: Grocery Store and Students Essay When you are in college it is easy to act like your life is not exactly full of tough decisions. You live with all of your friends, there is always an opportunity to go out, and other than doing well academically, no real responsibility is put on you. Although this lifestyle seems pretty relaxed and carefree, for some reasons college students have high stress levels and always seem to want to take the easy way out, especially with low-involvement decisions. One of these low-involvement decisions is food purchases, although it seems like such a small choice that doesn’t have a large impact on our day to day spending, it turns out that this is something that causes the majority of students to constantly hit the ATM or swipe their credit cards. College students live a lifestyle where they live in the moment but I think that as a choice architect it is important to help students realize the importance of taking the time to make the smart decision and buy groceries instead of take the easy way out and just go out to eat. Shopping at the grocery store will allow students to save large amounts of money every week and also eat healthier. It is easy to explain why students dine out more than they buy groceries. The obvious reason is the general convenience of it all, not just in terms of time but also in terms of thinking. Students are given a menu with all ready-made recipes that are also tried and liked by other students. This is much more convenient that the thought of creating your own meal with the possibility that it may not even come out the way you want it to. Another perceived pro of dining out is the idea of not having to clean up and thinking too hard. With busy schedules often making them hungry and the constant temptation of so many restaurants, students often make compulsive decisions to eat out because they are in a hot state of mind. My last reason that students dine out instead of buy groceries is because it is a large aspect of their social lives. Cafes, eateries, and restaurants are places where students can study together, celebrate something, go on dates, or just hang out with friends. I think it is very reasonable to say that social pressures and groups largely affect dining out. In the Journal of Consumer Affairs, there is a study called â€Å"Money Attitudes, Credit Card Use, and Compulsive Buying among American College Students† that focuses on spending habits among college students. Overall there is a large trend of compulsivity, and lack of thinking and realizing the later costs. Students become doers instead of planners. By encouraging students to purchase groceries instead of going out to eat for instant gratification will help them be more financially stable in the long run. In order to become a choice architect and help students save money by regularly shopping at grocery stores, we must attack the reasons that cause them to go out to eat. Our mission should be to make grocery shopping a fun easy experience that rewards students for making such a smart decision by saving their money. The first issue is convenience; we must help students realize the cost now but strong benefit later by shopping at a grocery store. The best way for students to realize this is to try to make the cost as obsolete as possible. The first way to eliminate personal cost is by creating the most possible convenience. There should be at least two accessible grocery stores on campus, making it easy for students to get there. The

Professional Values for the BSN Student Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional Values for the BSN Student - Essay Example The empathetic attitude and understanding of cross cultural values greatly facilitate in overcoming the language barriers. I therefore, strive to understand my patient’s cultural paradigms and learn to communicate in a manner that would promote mutual trust. According to Raz (1986), personal autonomy means that the person ‘holds the free choice of goals and relations as an essential ingredient of individual well-being’. Autonomy empowers a person with informed choices instilling self confidence in one’s ability to make independent decisions about themselves and their welfare. Hence, an empowered nurse has more options and freedom to transform those choices into concrete action plans for the betterment of self and the patients at large. I am person who is highly motivated towards social issues which need to be reformed to suit the demands of the changing times. I firmly believe that each person, must be empowered so that they are better equipped to make independent choices. Carter says that one should be ‘acting on what you have discerned, even at personal cost’ (1996). I therefore, like to work with the proactive participation of the patients and if required, involve patient’s family in the rehabilitation process. Human dignity broadly recognizes that ‘inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world’ (EU charter). Nurses make sure that caring for human beings, cuts across class divide, status, race and culture. The core of nursing involves dedicated and ethically delivered care to the medically sick persons. I personally believe that the nursing professional helps to understand human relations at the critical juncture of human vulnerability. For me my patients are just human beings who need to be cared for. Through personal care, compassion and positive attitude, I try to facilitate their recovery by instilling optimism and

Response Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response - Case Study Example The same applies to meaning of literal in which an oversimplified meaning as well as one that considers conditions exist. For the oversimplified meaning, literal implies direct, factual, or reasoned meaning while non-literal implies that which is metaphorical, exaggerated, or inferred. Understanding literal from the non-oversimplified approach however identifies four different meanings whose application cause confusion. The meanings can be conventional, based on subject matter, based on metaphor implications, or based on truthfulness. An assumption however exist that the four meanings converge but this is the source of the problem. Only one of the meanings, for example, third meaning, associates with metaphor and use of literal in this relation should either be specified or avoided. The problem in using the word literal is common, even among professionals, but distinguishing the conditional definitions can help (Lakoff 291- 296). The article is significant to understanding of the creation story, based on Genesis 1. According to the article, the story can be understood from the oversimplified perspective of absolute truth or from conditional perspectives that could depend on a person’s condition such as religious affiliation or scientific knowledge. Alignment of the oversimplified understanding of meaning with one of the available conditional meanings also relates to the Genesis story that is consistent with some religions such as Christianity. This means that according to Lakoff’s perspective, unless a person subscribes to such faiths that hold Genesis’ creation belief, the belief should be either qualified or disregarded. The article also offers a base for resolving conflicts between people who hold different meanings on a subject matter because it crates awareness of sources of differences. This facilitates development of

Does the Human Rights law have an impact on preventing domestic Literature review

Does the Human Rights law have an impact on preventing domestic violence in the UK - Literature review Example However, recent studies have shown that it is, for many women, a hidden place of unending suffering (Gibb and Ford 2008). Violent behaviour in the domestic setting is usually carried out by men who have in the past been, or are in position of power and intimacy in the relationships they have with their victims. Abusers could be the father, husband, father-in-law, boyfriend, stepfather, brother, or uncle of their victim. The statistics on acts of domestic violence in the past few years have greatly increased. The acts perpetrated by the abusers also seem to grow more disturbing. According to (Hester and Westmarland 2005) a woman is physically assaulted somewhere in Britain every fifteen seconds. It has also been established that 35% of women’s visits to hospital emergency rooms are due to because of ongoing domestic violence. Many behavioural therapists believe that domestic violence has its roots in the existence of the patriarchal family (Haugen 2004). Most of the world’s cultures hold that wives and children are the property of the man, who is viewed as the head of the home. Religious teachings in all of the world’s religions also emphasise on male authority. Even though the British public does not outwardly espouse these theories, there is still the inference or stress on the importance of men in its culture. This is obvious in the fact that the leadership positions in most of the nation’s institutions are held by men. Men are excused from household chores while women are expected to keep spotless homes while also being successful in the workplace. In many cases, women who are married or are in relationships, earn less than their partners do. They may be dependent on the financial contributions of their spouses to raise the children born to the union and also maintain the home. Women in such positions make the perfect candidates for domestic violence because they cannot simply leave their homes or children (Mc Laughlin and Muncie 2006). In

Supporting people with long term health conditions

Supporting people with long term health conditions This report reflects on the care needs of 67 year old Kingsley, at 55 he was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes then at 65 Kingsley suffered a stroke. After a lengthy stay in hospital he was moved to a nursing home where he currently lives, he is not happy in the nursing home and wishes to be discharged and return home to the care of his wife. He displays his unhappiness to care staff with bouts of anger and frustration. He has a social worker assigned to his case who is currently undecided if Kingsley should return home to his wife, he questions the layout of the home and his wifes ability to cope with Kingsleys care needs. Kingsley and his wife have some difficult decisions to make and should be able to discuss these with the social worker as these will have a fundamental impact on where he lives as this will be instrumental to his wellbeing. Living with a long term health condition can have its challenges when receiving health care, its paramount that a care user receives the correct level of support and information available. A psycho sociological perspective offers a holistic approach which addresses an individuals needs and an anthropological perspective which offers a biological study of the human being. A psycho sociological perspective addresses an individuals psychological health and wellbeing needs which are individual to functioning within human society. This perspective highlights that factors such as age, gender, environmental living conditions and the individual differences that people face are to be considered in health needs and care issues. A psycho-social approach to public health aims to incorporate the environment which will address the health of groups of people by social context, social class, location and how accessible they are to local resources. In the past this has been referred to as the social model of health (K217, Learning Guide 2, p43). The structure of the social model of health aims to make health services more affective, accessible and acceptable to individuals. The components are as follows (K217, Learning Guide 2, p43). To acknowledge the influence that health has on political, economic, social, psychological, cultural and environmental factors and also biological factors. To improve health a focus must be placed on the socio-economic environment. To achieve community participation with shared decision making between lay people and practitioners. Health services to collaborate with other government agencies and sectors. Commitment to equity and accountability in health. The use of evidence which is qualitative and quantitative. The concept of this perspective is that the focus of social causes are linked to illness rather genetics. If the social causes which are causing a detrimental effect on health are addressed then a better quality of life and sense of wellbeing are to be achieved. In Kingsley case he is not socially active because of the environment he is currently living in, which is restricting him from participating in any social networks, which gives the practitioners power over him so he is then not part of the decision making regarding his wellbeing. Holism perspective The practice of holism is to recognise that each persons needs are unique to ones own identity. It acknowledges that focus is to be given to lifestyles and choices which have an impact on health and illness. The approach links all aspects of a persons physical, mental and emotional state to create a composition of a state of health and illness. The approach of a biomedical perspective will address medical conditions with a biological, anatomy, and a physiology view but ignores an individuals needs, as a holism approach would address the individuals needs which would have an effect on lifestyles and choices. So a Biomedical perspective has a place in some health conditions such as Diabetes which will address the medical needs such as insulin. But a holistic approach will identify the whole person combining their mind, body and spirit. This can be helpful for practitioners to understand how a Diabetic may be feeling with effects of injecting insulin, are they coping with self management of the condition. The whole person approach to care is to give service users the ability to move on from the professional dominance in the doctor centred model and to achieve the self care model which is to encourage independence. (K217, Learning Guide 2, p42). Discussion. The contribution of theory. Do theories have a place in health and social care services and how can they help people like Kingsley who is suffering from a long term health condition. Theories in health and social care are developed from two perspectives Good research and medical engagements which results in theories from evidence. Generalised practice and an understanding of experience within a profession, these theorises are developed from practical experiences. Theories in understanding long term health conditions can be found in two perspectives bio medical and the social model of health. The bio medical approach is that the body functions normally but when things go wrong a specialist can repair the body; its focus is that biological problems can be addressed with medicine. The social model of health recognises biological factors but also includes the recognition of the influence of health being a matter of psychological and social addressing the wellbeing of an individual. If just a bio medical approach to theory was taken of Kingsleys situation he would have been diagnosed with two long term health conditions a stroke and type two diabetes by a practitioner then undergone biological treatment in hospital, were tests were taken and symptoms were controlled with medication. He is now living with two conditions controlled by medication. Bio medical may adapt mechanical metaphors which presume that a practitioners approach is to be an engineer and to fix what is malfunctioning with medication (K219, leaning guide 1, p36). The N.H.S. point out that a stroke is a medical emergency and should be diagnosed as soon as possible this would be in a bio medical environment. A bio medical view would be taken to determine the emergency treatment needed and also for after care with medication, therapists, physiotherapist and G.Ps. The N.H.S also highlight that the social model of health should be incorporated into a patients social care needs social workers would ass ess a patient and their carers needs and offer services such as meals on wheels and home care services (N.H.S. 2011). A purely social view of theory to long term health conditions would offer Kingsley and his with sociological support in dealing with his conditions addressing needs for his wellbeing. Kingsley has experienced a change to his identity, because of his illness he feels he can no longer contribute in society. Kingsleys illness has made it impossible for him to work so he now relies on the welfare benefit system so his identity has changed from a working man providing for his family to the sick role. The sick role can be identified when an ill person becomes exempt from a social role of responsibilities examples are because of illness, a sick person will not get better without being taken care of and the sick person will want to overcome illness and should be obligated to seek the correct professional help to deal with an illness (Parsons, 1951, p.294). This theory of the sick role has an element of social care and bio medical, society will address an ill persons needs with benefits and c are issues and a biological factor will be present with medication. What can be learnt from research and practice guidelines? Research show that suffers from a long term health condition such as a stroke may face physical disabilities and suffer from social exclusion which can lead to spoiled identities. The Stroke Association commits approximately two and a half million pounds per year in to research of stroke prevention and treatment .Two key achievements are (The Stroke Association 2011). Staying physically fit after 40 cuts risk of a stroke. People who are physically fit after the age of 40 can lower their risk of stroke by as much as 50 percent, compared to people who arent as physically fit (The Stroke Association 2011). The benefit of occupational therapy for stroke care home residents. A recent study funded by the Stroke Association has shown how beneficial even a small amount of occupational therapy can be to residents in care homes who have had a stroke. The study, carried out is extremely significant as the care home population is an understudied and extremely vulnerable group (The stroke Association 2011). The research suggests that prevention can reduce the risk of a stroke and that life style changes and rehabilitation will help with the recovery process, learning to deal with the effects that the stroke has had on them and learning to adapt to the limitations caused by stroke. Rehabilitation would also address the need for any support in dealing with social, emotional and practical issues. A government report on long term health conditions and self care (Your health, your way, 2009) is aimed at promoting discussion between health and social care professionals and people with long term health conditions, it addresses what options, support and information are available for health care users who wish to self care. The N.H.S. and social services want to encourage people with long term health conditions to self care, its shared aims and values for the transformation are to ensure that service users and their carers are not discriminated because of illness or disability and are supported to be able to: Live independently and be able to sustain a family unit, which will avoid children taken on inappropriate caring roles. To stay healthy and to be able to recover quickly from illness. The ability to exercise control over their own life and if appropriate the lives of family members. To participate economically and socially as active and equal citizens. Have the best quality of life, irrespective of illness or disability and retaining respect and dignity. (Your health, your way, 2009, p.4) Self care is build around a holistic process that places the service user at the centre of their own care but also recognising that different issues can impact on an individuals health and wellbeing so the process is supportive, individual, flexible and non-judgemental, the focus is solely on enabling the individual to achieve the outcomes that they want for themselves. People who use services completed a survey prior the transition to self care and after the changes had occurred the findings are. (Your health, your way, 2009) (Your health, your way, 2009) The results show how being empowered to take a more active role in health and well-being can improve quality of life. People who are living with a long term condition can benefit enormously from being supported to self care. They can live longer, have less pain, anxiety, depression and fatigue, have a better quality of life and be more active and independent (Your health, your way, 2009, p.6). Theory and practice. The social model of disability (K217, Learning Guide 6, p43) plays a significant part in a care service users life, such as Kingsley. This theory accepts that people will experience differences in life because of health issues such as stroke and diabetes, but questions that the difference is the problem when society does not adapt to such differences. The theory was introduced in the 1970s when disabled activists debated that society is the problem that faced disabled people not the individuals disability. This approach has a commitment to improving the lives of disabled people, by promoting social inclusion and removing the barriers which oppress disabled people (Tom Shakespeare, 2006, p 9). The biomedical paradigm ignores the differences between individuals and is criticised for overlooking social influences which have an effect to health care (K217, Learning Guide 2, p40). This is clear in the case of Kingsley; he has received biomedical treatment in the past for type 2 diabetes and now for a stroke from medical practitioners. Kingsley is now experiencing differences in life to an able bodied person as well as a change to his identity to being disabled because he cannot walk or use his right hand without being aided. The nursing home were Kingsley now lives accepts his disabilities and provides care for him such as assistance to walk and use his right hand. Two people assist Kingsley to get out of bed, shower and dress him. The environment is restricting his independence and making him disabled relying on assistance and there are no aids he can use himself which would give him control of his care. Empowering people who use services (K217, Learning Guide 10, pp28-34) is a theory which would allow Kingsley to become involved in his health care needs. The focus of the theory is the concern regarding the need for people to participate in their health care needs, and that empowerment will encourage them to use services and empower them to participate within them. People need to be encouraged to use health care services but also need to empower themselves to participate within a service. Health and social care services encourage users to become empowered; this can be with support groups with people who share similar experiences (Diabetes NHS, 2011). Key factors of the theory are that power and control should be equally divided between service provider and user, several options will be available to the user which there will have knowledge on, information supplied to assist in making decisions and if the user is dissatisfied with the system has the option to decline any further use of the system and make a complaint. Involving people who use health and social care services with empowerment gives them achievement by (K217, Learning Guide 10, p30). Having control and being engaged with services. Equal share of power with practitioners. The contribution of planning individual services and the development of good practice. Including all members of society. Empowerments goal is to involve participation at all levels in care services allowing users to have a say and to be engaged in their care needs working with practitioners to satisfy care needs. Empowerment is a way of equalising the distribution of power between users of services and practitioners (Tuner, MacKian, Woodthorpe, 2010, quoted in Learning guide 10, p.30). Kingsleys care needs are being dictated to him by the care home and his social worker if he was to be empowered to use care services and was to empower to participate in services he may be more actively contented with his care needs. Conclusions and recommendations Who cares for Kingsley and where he receives care are now important decisions to make. The decisions will influence his care needs and his future wellbeing. This report highlights the concerns that people who have long term health conditions face with care needs and the services that provide care. Clearly when a person suffers from an illness such as a stroke or diabetes an emergency response for care is received from a medical practitioner who will offer a biomedical diagnoses and if needed medical treatment and medication. As was the treatment Kingsley received, the next phase in the care process is how after care support and treatment is provided for people with a long term health condition. Kingsleys individual care needs have not been addressed; he may be adequately receiving biomedical care in the nursing home and his basic fundamental needs for living such as shelter, food and warmth are being provided his individual needs are not being considered. Kingsley wishes to return home to the care of his wife, a psycho sociological perspective will identify that his individual psychological health and wellbeing in society is not being fulfilled. The care home environment is restricting him from participating in main stream society; he cannot be active within society because he has no access to social networks. This will be a fundamental reason for his bouts of anger and frustration as before his illness he was social active and provided for his family. Kingsleys care needs are unique to his new identity as a disabled person with a long term health condition, along with a psycho sociological perspective a holistic approach will help to identify the impact this is having on his health, lifestyle and wellbeing. The social worker assigned to Kingsley is concerned that his wife would not be able to cope with his care needs, one option is to recognise what difficulties in society will be restricting Kingsley because of his disability (The social model of disability). The care home is disabling Kingsley because of its lack of practices and environment. If the social worker was to work with Kingsley and his wife to identify the support needed to provide a self care package such as direct payments (K217, Learning Guide 10, p29) this would allow them to be independently in control over which services they use. Allowing them to live independently as a family and able to participate economically within society.

A Trek to Nowhere :: Example Personal Narratives

A Trek to Nowhere         Ã‚  Ã‚   The occasional banging of an oar on the edge of a canoe is the only significant noise that accompanies us on our way to the waterfall.   The boys had been fishing by the waterfall and mentioned its existence to us, so we've decided to check it out.   There are twenty-one of us on the Bureau Valley High School Science Club's trip to Boundary Waters, a wilderness camping and canoeing area in northern Minnesota.   A small group of us enjoys exploring the terrain, especially as opposed to the monotony of fishing, and we are now on a waterfall mission.        Ã‚  Ã‚   It is a gentle June morning, still a bit chilly for we Illinoians.   We are subject to erratic periods of sunlight, as the sun discards one garment after another, unsatisfied with her immense cumulus wardrobe.   There are only tattered bits of mist still hanging over the lake; most of it has already noiselessly dissolved.   The breeze cajoles straying wisps of my hair, and as we row steadily toward the waterfall I consider the serenity of the wilderness: the complete peacefulness.   I revel in the absence of snorting mufflers, rambunctious screeching tires, innumerable Super Wal-Marts, and ever-encroaching subdivisions.  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   My appreciation grows as I compare the previous year's vacation to this year's at Boundary Waters.   Not that the Badlands weren't a sight to see -- they were.   But the whole Badlands/Blackhills area was literally infested with tourist-related billboards (all displaying nearly the same overly-enthusiastic tidings) and informational pamphlets (in every public building, including the podiatrist's office).   And no telling which pamphlets were fact and which were part fabrication.   Wall, South Dakota, was a choice example of the tourist-nabbing chaos.   Along the interstate, approximately every five minutes, billboards would proclaim the number of miles remaining before Wall, South Dakota, as if speedometers didn't exist.   Upon arriving in Wall, one's hopes were treacherously dashed.   Wall was a tourist town like any other, only it was larger, and junk was more prolific.   It was a frail excuse after such a dramatic drumroll via the billboar ds, signs, and pamphlets.      Ã‚  Ã‚   A loon's bittersweet call imposes on my reflections, and I realize that we have reached our destination.