Movie Hacksaw Ridge, Directed By Mel Gibson - 2061 Words

Throughout the history of motion pictures, the industry has produced a vast number and variety of films that have differed from genre to genre. Although many of these films have proven memorable for both good and bad reasons, only a few of these films will be remembered for a long period of time as a great movie and one that people suggest to everyone as a â€Å"must see film.† The genre examined for this analysis is war films. The films in this category for the most part are centered on real life events that have taken place and these films are used to enlighten the audience. There have been thousands of good war movies that have come out and won many awards but their have only been a few great ones. One such film that is a great war movie is Hacksaw Ridge, directed by Mel Gibson and based on a true story. It is great because it succeeds in portraying a message, telling a story and reaching out and capturing the audience. War films have been around since movies first stating being produced. They started out as black and white films with no sound. They were used for propaganda and usually took the Americans side. It wasn’t until many years after that sound was introduced. Then came color in these films. With the technology improving over times war films became more popular and more realistic. They also told better stories and became more violent. With addition to the upgrade in quality of war films different perspectives were shown as well, not jus the Americans side.Show MoreRelatedHeroism : What Makes A Hero? Essay1665 Words   |  7 Pagesor conflict heroism is something that gets overlooked. An obvious hero that comes to mind is a very famous war hero named Desmond Doss. Desmond Doss was an army medic who served in War World II. Recently a movie named â€Å"Hacksaw Ridge† (a 2016 biographical war film directed by Mel Gibson) made his contribution and heroism in World War II well known. Desmond Doss did what no other pers on would ever do. He entered one of the bloodiest wars known to mankind, but the kicker is he entered that war

Theory Z - 1794 Words

Theory Z Theory Z is a name applied to three distinctly different psychological theories. One was developed by Abraham H. Maslow in his paper Theory Z and the other is Dr. William Ouchi s so-called Japanese Management style popularized during the Asian economic boom of the 1980s. The third was developed by W. J. Reddin in Managerial Effectiveness (19 Situation guides) man: * Reason motivates him. * Interdependence is man s primary mode of discourse. * Interaction is man s social unit of importance. Objective best and succinctly describes man s concept of man. McGregor s Theory Y in contrast to Theory X, which stated that workers inherently dislike and avoid work and must be driven to it, and Theory Y, which†¦show more content†¦The word Wa in Japanese can be applied to Theory Z because they both deal with promoting partnerships and group work. The word Wa means a perfect circle or harmony, which influences Japanese society to always be in teams and to come to a solution together. Promoting Theory Z and the Japanese word Wa is how the Japanese economy became so powerful. And also because the Japanese show a high level enthusiasm to work,some of the researchers claim that Z in the theory Z stands for Zeal . Ouchi wrote a book called Theory Z How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge (1981), in this book; Ouchi shows how American corporations can meet the Japanese challenges with a highly effective management style that promises to transform business in the 1980’s. The secret to Japanese success, according to Ouchi, is not technology, but a special way of managing people. â€Å"This is a managing style that focuses on a strong company philosophy, a distinct corporate culture, long-range staff development, and consensus decision-making†(Ouchi, 1981). Ouchi shows that the results show lower turn-over, increased job commitment, and dramatically higher productivity. William Ouchi doesn’t say that the Japanese culture for business is necessarily the best strategy for the American companies but he takes Japanese business techniques and adapts them to the American corporate environment. Much like McGregor s theories, Ouchi s Theory Z makes certain assumptions aboutShow MoreRelatedEssay about Theory Z2483 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Theory Z: The In-Between and Grey Area Name Here Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne 3/24/2013 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to discuss the popular Theory X and Theory Y made famous by Douglas McGregor in the 1960’s which offers a very â€Å"hard† and â€Å"soft† view of leadership and addresses the grey area that is not addressed in his theory. We will take a look at the theory that is relatively new and in many respects attempts to blend the best of both of McGregor’s theoriesRead MoreNursing Administration Theory X, Y and Z978 Words   |  4 PagesTHEORY X, Y AND Z IN NURSING ADMINISTRATION According to Mc Gregor, the traditional manager in a bureaucracy operates on a set of assumptions about human nature and human behaviour, which was called as Theory X. Accordingly, his assumptions are the following: (1) the average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it, if he can, when possible; (2) Because of dislike of a work, most people must be coaxed, controlled, directed, threatened with punishment to get throughRead MoreThe Core Framework Of Paternalistic Leadership Style1435 Words   |  6 PagesLet’s now turn our attention to the core elements of paternalistic leadership. In this section, we will explore the core framework of paternalistic leadership style, before analysing two core theories of motivation that drive the framework. At the end, we’ll also explore the two separate strains of paternalistic framework: benevolent and exploitative models. The core framework When it comes to leadership, a few core elements guide the way in which different leadership styles organise and manifestRead MoreGalaxy Toys, The Largest Owned Toy Company Essay1982 Words   |  8 Pageslate 1980’s and early 90’s, there was a major shift in management that inspired Aldrin and other managers to reconsider their management approach. When American run companies began to suffer in the late 1980’s, Aldrin implemented the principles of Theory Z, and revitalized the company from within. Upon Aldrin’s retirement, Joyce Barnhart will replace him and lead the company towards the future utilizing 21st century management principles. Part One Up until the late 1980’s and early 90’s, managementRead MoreEvolution Of Management : Theory X And Y, And Theory Z1811 Words   |  8 Pagesmanagement. Management theories included in this time contains the Human Relations/ Behavioral School of Management, Classical School of Management, Contingency Approach, the Scientific Approach, Theory X and Y, and Theory Z. The present style and classical style of management will be compared and contrasted to each other and how they apply to my job. â€Æ' Evolution of Management During the 1900 and into the later 1920’s, the Industrial Revolution sparked one of the first managerial theories introduced to theRead MoreLearning Insights on Theory X, Y, Z and Maslows Hierarchy of Needs786 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational Theory Professor Elmer P. Nacua July 20, 2013 LEARNING INSIGHTS ON THEORY X / Y / Z AND MASLOW’S HEIRARCHY OF NEEDS McGregor’s Theory X / Y and William Ouichi’s Theory Z I can say that Theory X presents the pessimistic view of employees’ nature and behaviour at work, while Theory Y presents the optimistic view. With reference to Maslow’s theory, Theory X is based on the assumption that the employees emphasize on the physiological needs and the safety needs; while Theory Y is basedRead MoreTheory X and Y1382 Words   |  6 Pagesdouglas mcgregor - theory x y Douglas McGregor s XY Theory, managing an X Theory boss, and William Ouchi s Theory Z Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book The Human Side Of Enterprise . Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, Mcgregor s X-Y Theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positiveRead MorePsy315 Week 4960 Words   |  4 PagesCh. 4 Practice Problems 11, 14, 18 11. List the five steps of hypothesis testing, and explain the procedure and logic of each. The first step in testing hypotheses is to take the question at hand and turn it into a pair of theories that can be tested; the question is stated as a research hypothesis, and as a null hypothesis about the populations to be studied. The purpose behind this is to establish something to test the research hypothesis against, and essentially proving that the oppositeRead MoreThe Age Of The Middle Class1609 Words   |  7 Pagesduring the mid 1920’s also known as the prosperity decade. This was a time when everything seemed to be going right for the middle class americans. The economy was booming and for the white middle class things appeared to be going quite well. The theory behind teenagers was to create a grace period between childhood and adulthood, in which an individual was able to learn and grow from their experiences. But as the years progress the ease into adulthood started to become more of a steep cliff ratherRead MoreEssay on Power of perceptiom1263 Words   |  6 PagesJay Z: The power of perception The human experience in general is essentially the same for every individual. Us or We humans as a whole undergo similar life events such as birth, after that we experience growth and then finally death (Seger 386). These individual experiences (and more) when combined tend to form a story line. Although the storylines tend to differ from person to person, one thing, which is consistent in every storyline, are the characters. In these storylines the characters are

Youre Only Human (Second Wind) - Teen Suicide free essay sample

Billy Joel’s 1985 hit song, ‘You’re Only Human (Second Wind)† may boast an upbeat tempo and a catchy tune, but the message it conveys is much heavier than what the casual listener might perceive its cheerful tune to be expressing. Joel wrote the song, upon request, during a time when the teenage suicide rate was exceptionally elevated. The song was personally influenced by Joel due to the fact, unknown to most, that he himself attempted suicide as a teen. The song’s lyrics are very to the point, yet provide a quite stern contrast to the tune to which they are set. As has been aforesaid, the melody of the song is very cheery and provides a positive musical connotation to the listener. The coupled words, on the other hand, shed light on the darker aspect of what the true message of the song really is. In the song Joel sings to a young teenage man on the brink of bringing his own life to a premature end by jumping from a bridge (this, obviously, being an allusion to the classic film, It’s A Wonderful Life). We will write a custom essay sample on Youre Only Human (Second Wind) Teen Suicide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He reveals to the him all of the negative ramifications that would come about in lieu of his suicide, eventually changing the mind of the young man, to some extent parallel to the plot of the abovementioned motion picture. Joel’s message is one of second chances and self-forgiveness, urging teens to look at all their options before acting on a rash suicidal impulse in a moment of seeming hopelessness. One line in the song states that â€Å"You’re not the only one who’s ever made mistakes, but they’re the only things that you can truly call your own.† The wisdom in these words is about as close to infinite as it gets. Everyone goes through negative situations and most certainly executes poor decisions that end up backing them into an ugly corner, but it is truly the worst of circumstances that bring out the best of a person and tests their resolve whilst further fortifying their resilience all in one fell swoop. Not only do these sticky situations s eem to improve the overall moral fiber of the individual, but additionally they seem to play a vital role in shaping the personality and outlook of the person whom experiences them. Although I have never been suicidal, I can personally vouch for the validity of my preceding statements vis-a-vis adversities shaping the character of the entity. A recent illustration of such in my life immediately comes to mind in this regard – a particularly nasty breakup that I was able to see coming for quite some time leading up to its inevitable transpiration. I grew anxious and progressively more troubled as it neared, fearing the worst once I was no longer in the relationship, but now that I review it in retrospect (which I have found to be a generally truthful ally), I realize that my level of contentment and overall quality of life has been exponentially enhanced since the experience that I dreaded so much finally occurred. This is a paradigm of life is it not? – Unwarranted anxi ety. Joel tries to get many points across in this song, but the overarching message of this work is clear: suicide is NEVER the best option. Taking one’s own life is a permanent solution to a temporary problem and always has negative ramifications that snowball out from the epicenter of the individual’s ended pain and ends up only causing even more hurt in those who loved them, leaving all of the memories of the departed soul in a state of human intestacy within the hearts and souls of those remaining.

Religious grievances rather than political and social discontent explain why rebellions broke out in England in both 1549 and 1554 Essay Example

Religious grievances rather than political and social discontent explain why rebellions broke out in England in both 1549 and 1554 Essay In 1549, two rebellions broke out in England, the Kets and the Western (Prayer Book) rebellion. There was no single cause of these rebellions. Religious, political and social factors all intertwined to create distress resulting in the rebellions. Religious policies initiated by Somerset continued to make their impact of the country. The prayer book rebellion was a catholic rebellion so religion was obviously important. The Kets rebellion was against rising rents, entry fines and over grazing of the common lands. This shows how social discontent may be the reason they broke out. In 1554, Wyatts rebellion broke out which publicly was against the Spanish marriage. However there were underlying religious factors as well. Source A only touches on religious reasons because the main causes of the rebellion were rising rents, entry fines and over grazing of the common lands. The debasing of the coinage led to the rising prices and social distress. It says We pray that all freeholders and copyholders may take the profits of all common lands and the Lords not to use the commons or take profits from the same. Lords using the commons led to overgrazing. This shows social discontent did help cause the rebellions. We will write a custom essay sample on Religious grievances rather than political and social discontent explain why rebellions broke out in England in both 1549 and 1554 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Religious grievances rather than political and social discontent explain why rebellions broke out in England in both 1549 and 1554 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Religious grievances rather than political and social discontent explain why rebellions broke out in England in both 1549 and 1554 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Kets rebels were against the enclosure of common lands but in East Anglia there had not been that much enclosure so it was just an excuse to rebel. Source A says that if priests and vicars were unable to preach the words of God then their parishioners should be able to choose another priest. This indicates they wanted to raise standards of the clergy so religious grievances was a factor in causing the Kets rebellion. However religion was not a main cause of the Kets rebellion. Kets rebels accepted the prayer book but would have liked it to be more radical so religious grievance wasnt important unlike in the Western. The Western rebellion resented the Prayer Book and was against the Edwardian reformation. They didnt like the fact the Prayer Book was written in English rather than Latin. They couldnt understand the London dialect. Source B says We will have the mass in Latin as before. Religious grievances rather than political and social discontent may explain the reasons for the Western rebellion breaking out but not all three of the rebellions. Source B also says how they want images in every church, dont want the new service and that Cardinal Pole should not only be freely pardoned but recalled from Rome. The rebels were of a lower class than the gentry and hated the government officials who were desecrating their churches. They wanted monastery lands to be restored. Even in the Western rebellion there was other factors leading to it but religion was very important. The economic and social distress was the reason the commons rebelled so readily against the Prayer Book. Source B only comments on religious factors but it was the clergy who drew up the rebels demands for the western rebellion so therefore are going to concentrate on the religious factors. In the year before the rebellions their had been a hot summer and crops had failed. Possibly 40% of the population lived on or below the poverty line. Things were made worse by price increases. The introduction of the sheep tax in Devon caused rioting because the commons couldnt afford to pay it. Source C says You ask for a relief (tax) granted to us by Parliament on cloth and shearing sheep to be remitted, saying we have no need for it. The king even recognises the dislike of it. The economic and social distress helped fuel the anger for the rebellions. There also was influence from political factors. There was intense unpopularity of the governments agent, William Body who was eventually killed of the 6th April. He was disliked as identified with the new religious policy so religious factors are important as well. The sources are only about the Kets and Western rebellion not Wyatts. The public aim of the Wyatts rebellion was to stop the Spanish marriage. However historian such as Fletcher and MacCulloch believe that religion was the reason why rebels wanted to stop Marys marriage. The rebellion was led by the reforming faction of Edwards reign which suggests religion was important. Wyatts couldnt use religious factors as the aim of the rebellion because this would split the country as some of the population was still Catholic. This would therefore limit his support. If Wyatts rebellion had been successful, Elizabeth would become Queen and she was Protestant anyway. Wyatts knew there was already wide-spread resentment of the Spanish marriage so used this to gain support. This indicates religious grievances do help explain why the Wyatts rebellion broke out. Some people thought the marriage was a political mistake as through the marriage she could give England away to a foreign empire. However the marriage treaty meant Philip had no power to rule England, he couldnt take Mary or their children out of the country without the consent of the council or drag England into Spanish wars. Also the nobility could resist the marriage to protect their own power and self-interest. Unlike the uprising in 1549, this was a political conspiracy among the elites and there was little popular support. The rebellion was led by Croft, Carew and Wyatt who all held important offices at court. They feared the Spanish influence would endanger their own careers. This shows political discontent helped to provoke the Wyatts rebellion. Overall, although religious grievances do help explain why rebellions broke out in 1549 and 1554, there are other important factors. Religious grievances were very important especially in the Kets and Wyatts rebellions but no single factor caused all the rebellions. Each rebellion started for different reasons. Poverty was worsening because of the debased coinage leading to inflation and price increases. This caused distress which help fuel the rebellions. Kets rebels accepted the pray book so religious grievances wasnt a main cause. The western rebellion resented the Prayer Book and was against the Edwardian reformation but the economic and social distress was the reason the commons rebelled so readily against the Prayer Book. For this rebellion religious grievances was an important factor in why it broke out but political and social discontent was also important. In Wyatts rebellion political discontent of the leaders, religion grievances and social discontent were all important for causing the rebellions. Religious, political and social factors all intertwined to create distress resulting in the rebellions.

How To Use Exclamations and Exclamation Marks in Spanish

How To Use Exclamations and Exclamation Marks in Spanish As in English, an exclamation or exclamatory sentence in Spanish is a forceful utterance that can range from a single word to almost any sentence that is given extra emphasis, either by using a loud or urgent voice, or in writing by adding exclamation points. Types of Exclamations in Spanish However, in Spanish, it is very common for exclamations to take particular forms, the most common of which is starting with the exclamatory adjective or adverb quà ©. (Quà © also functions elsewhere as other parts of speech, most often as a pronoun.) When used that way, quà © can be followed by a noun, adjective, an adjective followed by a noun, or an adverb followed by a verb. When it is followed by a noun, an article is not used before the noun. Some examples:  ¡Quà © lstima! (What a shame!) ¡Quà © problema! (What a problem!) ¡Quà © vista! (What a view!) ¡Quà © bonita! (How cute!) ¡Quà © difà ­cil! (How difficult!) ¡Quà © aburrido! (How tedious!) ¡Quà © fuerte hombre! (What a strong man!) ¡Quà © feo perro! (What an ugly dog!) ¡Quà © lejos est la escuela! (The school is so far away!) ¡Quà © maravillosamente toca la guitarra! (How beautifully she plays the guitar!) ¡Quà © rpido pasa el tiempo! (How time flies!) If you follow the noun after quà © with an adjective, ms or tan is added between the two words:  ¡Quà © vida ms triste! (What a sad life!) ¡Quà © aire ms puro! (What clean air!) ¡Quà © idea tan importante! (What an important idea!) ¡Quà © persona tan feliz! (What a happy person!) Note that the ms or tan doesnt have to be translated directly. When emphasizing quantity or extent, it also is common to begin an exclamation with cunto or one of its variations for number or gender:  ¡Cuntas araà ±as! (What a lot of spiders!) ¡Cunto pelo tienes! (What a head of hair you have!) ¡Cunta mantequilla! (What a lot of butter!) ¡Cunto hambre hay en esta ciudad! (What a lot of hunger there is in this city!) ¡Cunto he estudiado! (I studied a lot!) ¡Cunto te quiero mucho! (I love you a lot!) Finally, exclamations arent limited to the above forms; it isnt even necessary to have a complete sentence.  ¡No puedo creerlo! (I cant believe it!) ¡No! (No!) ¡Policà ­a! (Police!) ¡Es imposible! (Its impossible!) ¡Ay! (Ouch!) ¡Es mà ­o! (Its mine!) ¡Ayuda! (Help!) ¡Eres loca! (Youre crazy!) Using Exclamation Points Although this rule is commonly violated in informal Spanish, especially in social media, Spanish exclamation marks always come in pairs, an inverted or upside-down exclamation point to open the exclamation and a standard exclamation point to end it. The use of such paired exclamation marks is straightforward when an exclamation stands alone, as in all the examples above, but it gets more complicated when only part of a sentence is exclamatory. The upside-down exclamation mark doesnt exist in languages other than Spanish and Galician, a minority language of Spain. When an exclamation is introduced by other words, the exclamation points surround only the exclamation, which isnt capitalized. Roberto,  ¡me encanta el pelo! (Roberto, I love your hair!)i gano el premio,  ¡yupi! (If I win the prize, yippee!) But when other words follow the exclamation, they are included inside the exclamation marks.  ¡Me encanto el pelo, Roberto! (I love your hair, Roberto.)Yupi si gano el premio! (Yippee if I win the prize!) If you have several short connected exclamations in a row, they can be treated as separate sentences or they can be separated with commas or semicolons. If theyre separated by commas or semicolons, the exclamations after the first arent capitalized.  ¡Hemos ganado!,  ¡guau!,  ¡me sorprende!(We won! Wow! Im surprised!) Special Uses of Exclamation Marks To indicate strong emphasis, you can use up to three consecutive exclamation points. The number of marks before and after the exclamation should match. Although such use of multiple exclamation points isnt used in standard English, it is acceptable in Spanish.  ¡Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¡No lo quiero!!! (I dont want it!) ¡Ã‚ ¡Quà © asco!! (Thats disgusting!) As in informal English, a single exclamation mark can be placed within parentheses to indicate that something is surprising. Mi tà ­o tiene 43 (!) coches. (My uncle has 43 (!) cars.)La doctora se durmià ³ (!) durante la operacià ³n. (The doctor fell asleep (!) during the operation.) An exclamation mark can be combined with a question mark when a sentence expresses incredulity or otherwise combines elements of emphasis and questioning. The order doesnt matter, although the sentence should begin and end with the same type of mark.  ¡Ã‚ ¿Pedro dijo quà ©?! (Pedro said what?) ¿!Viste Catarina en la jaula!? (You saw Catarina in jail?) Key Takeaways As in English, exclamations in Spanish are sentences, phrases, or even single words that are especially forceful.It is common for Spanish exclamation to begin with quà © or a form of cunto.Spanish exclamations begin with an inverted exclamation mark.

Sustainable Enterprise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sustainable Enterprise - Essay Example It is difficult to overcome the above-mentioned problems to attain sustainability completely in the near future. Failing in attaining sustainability would result in having adverse effects on overall ecosystem. The current path of non-sustainability would also invite other disasters such as environmental degradation, irreversible ecological crisis and it forecloses ecological options. To achieve sustainability if not in near future but some day we have to work now on certain factors. Industrial organizations should be more responsible and incorporate corporate social responsibilities (CSR). Thus any product manufactured would be under strict environmental laws. Industrial organizations should participate in charities and other social activities. Natural resources should be used in such a way that it should help in raising our living standards without increase in throughput or resources. Steps should be taken to cope the problem of poverty. In overall, progress has been made, we passed through many technological milestones but still achieving sustainable development remains eluded. Development in different sectors like Information Technology, Steel industry, etc., has resulted a sharp rise in the usage of harmful substances. Problem of over consumption becomes irrelevant when super- (eco) efficiencies are achieved under a production sphere. Super- (eco) efficiencies Though some mathematical projections may address future ecological scenarios but they are just predictions and may vary with the real scenario. Consumption is bound to increase and conservation and efficiency may not be enough to handle the situation. It has been found that mathematical projections always vary with the real scenarios and therefore production efficiencies should also be increased to delay the complete resource depletion. To explain the above let's see the following example of population burst. Not only due to steady increase in population but also due to over consumption the demand for food products may increase sharply and might slowly replenish. More Production According to ecological modernization the solution to ecological crisis can be found in more production, more modernity and more industrialization. Global ecosystem is a closed system whereas economic subsystems are not. Rather than more production ecological modernization purports on different industrialization and production. This is termed as more -as-different approach. Dematerialization Thesis In digital market the production more that result in the increase in economy and thus maintaining overall consumption low and sustainable. Thus we could say that consumption is dematerialized. Though the present world is turning towards e shopping still some of us like to prefer the old ways of purchasing things like jewelry, cars, etc. Spaargaren's Theory of Consumption The theory of Spaargaren had greater impact in correcting the production in ecological modernization by working out on production-consumption cycles. Using the process of co-structuring a producer and consumer can exchange information that might help in increasing the production-consumption efficiency. The production remains out of problems as

Civil liability Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Civil liability - Research Paper Example Civil Liability Introduction It is no doubt that technological advancements across the world have greatly improved people’s way of lives. Nonetheless, these advancements have made human beings to be more vulnerable to technological threats that have compromised their safety. In particular, advancements in the area of telecommunications have called for enhanced measures in public safety telecommunications. In recent times, the United States has been facing increasing threats to the cyber security and resiliency of its telecommunications networks. It is against this background that the government and other stakeholders in the telecommunications industry have enhanced their efforts in ensuring public safety telecommunications (APCO Institute, 1997). They seek to enhance public safety by preventing telecommunications-related emergencies and responding swiftly when such emergencies occur. While the benefits of telecommunications are numerous, there are also liability risks for tele communications operators and their employees. Telecommunications operators are required to publish information to follow established guidelines relating to public safety telecommunications. ... City of Hueytown. Facts of the case of Michael Swan v. City of Hueytown On 3rd May, 2000, Michael Swan was a passenger in a vehicle that was stopped by Hueytown Police Department officer, Ben Williams. The officer asked to see the driving licenses of the passenger, Swan, and that of the driver. Since Alabama Code, 1975 Section 15-5-30 provides for a sheriff, police, or other officer to stop a car if he suspects is committing, about to commit, or committed a public offense and demand information about the driver or explanations, it is in order that the vehicle in which Swan was boarding to be stopped. Officer Williams then radioed the Hueytown Police Department dispatcher who searched the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) database using the information provided to him by Officer Williams to determine whether Swan had outstanding warrants. Officer Williams cannot figure out clearly the kind of information that he provided to the dispatcher, but he testified that he would normall y have provided the detainee’s date of birth and name, or his Social Security number, or driver’s license number. Officer Williams was notified by the dispatcher that the City of Birmingham had an outstanding warrant of Swan. Officer Williams sought to confirm and found that indeed Michael Swan had an outstanding warrant (Supreme Court of Alabama, 2005). However, later evidence showed that the outstanding warrants were not for â€Å"Michael Swan† but for Michael Swann† (the surname spelt with two ‘n’s not one). Apparently, Officer Williams and the dispatcher failed to react or recognize the difference in spelling the last name. As a result of this discrepancy, Officer Williams arrested Swan and subsequently took him to the